Course Details
With the introduction of LTE came the development of a new radio technology based on OFDMA / SC-FDMA. This course focuses on the LTE Air interface and provides a detailed analysis of the structure and features of the physical layer, as well as the layer 2 and 3 protocols, before explaining how these are used in the operation of the radio link from initial attach, through service delivery and finally mobility. In so doing, both LTE and LTE-Advanced are detailed. In addition, the operation of the X2 interface is also explored, as well as LTE Advanced Relays and Self Organizing Networks.
Philip Nugent
Mpirical Trainer
Phil heads up Mpirical’s technical development, advising on the latest technologies and assisting the Mpirical team with his wealth of both historical and current knowledge. Phil’s specialist area is the mobile radio and RAN space, originally focussing on 2G and 3G technologies but more recently, heavily embedded with 5G New Radio for both Mpirical and customer specific projects.
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Module 1
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E-UTRA Introduction
E-UTRA Features:
- Radio Access.
- Duplexing Techniques:
- FDD, TDD.
- Modulation and Coding.
- Transmission Bandwidth.
- LTE FFT Sizes.
- Subcarriers and Reference Signals.
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing:
- OFDM Symbol Mapping.
- Transmitted Signal.
- Combating Interference in the Time Domain.
- Cyclic Prefix.
OFDMA:
- OFDM.
LTE Uplink - Single Carrier - Frequency Division Multiple Access:
- The SC-FDMA Process.
The E-UTRAN Protocols:
- NAS, RRC, PDCP, RLC, MAC, S1AP and X2AP.
Evolved Node B:
- Home Evolved Node B.
UE Capabilities.
Module 2
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E-UTRA Physical Layer
LTE Generic Frame Structure:
- Type 1 Radio Frames, Slots and Subframes.
- Type 2 Radio Frames, Slots and Subframes.
Resource Grid and Resource Blocks:
- Downlink PRB Parameters.
- Uplink PRB Parameters.
Downlink Channel for Initial Access:
- Downlink Synchronization Signals (FDD).
Downlink Reference Signals:
- Cell Specific Reference Signals.
- UE Specific Reference Signals.
The LTE Downlink Physical Channels:
- Broadcast Information.
- PCFICH:
- CFI.
- PDCCH:
- REG, CCE.
- PHICH.
- PDSCH.
- PDSCH Resource Allocation.
The LTE Uplink Physical Channels:
- Multiplexing of Control Signalling and UL-SCH Data.
- Uplink Data Transmission.
- PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel).
Uplink Reference Signals:
- Demodulation Reference Signal. .
- Sounding Reference Signal.
- PRACH.
Channel Coding.
FDD/TDD Timing:
- FDD Operation.
- TDD Operation.
- Timing Advance.
HARQ Operation.
RNTI Identities.
Transmission Modes and MIMO:
- MIMO and Transmission Options:
- SU-MIMO, MU-MIMO.
- Transmit Diversity.
- MIMO.
- Active Antenna Systems.
- CoMP (Coordinated Multi Point).
- CoMP Categories.
Carrier Aggregation.
Module 3
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LTE RRC
Module 4
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NAS in LTE
NAS Control and User Plane:
- Stratums.
- NAS Messages.
EMM and ECM States:
- EPS Mobility Management States.
- EPS Connection Management States.
Module 5
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PDCP in LTE
Packet Data Convergence Protocol:
- PDCP Services.
PDCP Profiles:
- Compression Standards:
- ROHC.
PDCP Headers:
- Control Plane PDCP Data PDU for SRBs.
- User Plane PDCP Data PDU - 12bit SN.
- User Plane PDCP Data PDU - 7bit SN.
- PDCP Control PDU - Feedback.
- PDCP Control PDU - Status Report.
- RN User Plane PDCP Data PDU - Integrity Protection.
PDCP Status Exchange.
Module 6
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RLC in LTE
Radio Link Control:
- Transparent Mode.
- Unacknowledged Mode.
- Acknowledged Mode.
- RLC PDUs.
Module 7
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MAC in LTE
Medium Access Control:
- Services expected from physical layer.
- LTE Logical and Transport Channels.
- RNTI Identities.
- MAC Headers.
- Random Access Process.
Buffer Status Reporting:
- BSR Types.
Power Headroom Reporting:
- PHR Types.
Module 8
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Operational Procedures
Initial Procedures:
- Cell Search.
- Cell Selection.
- PLMN Selection.
- Cell Selection.
- Random Access.
- Initial Attach.
LTE Capabilities.
Discontinuous Reception (Paging).
DRX in Active Mode:
- Air Interface Scheduling (VoLTE).
- Improving Coverage with TTI Bundling.
- Voice Scheduling and SPS.
Security:
- EPS Authentication and Key Agreement.
- Key Distribution in the EPS.
- Security Procedures.
- Algorithms.
- IPSec - Encapsulating Security Payload.
Power Control:
- Downlink Power Control.
- Uplink Power Control.
E-UTRA Measurements:
- Measurement Configuration Options.
- Basics of Measurement Objects. .
- Basics of Report Configuration.
- LTE Events.
- RRC Measurement Configuration Example.
- Gap Configuration.
- Timing.
ISR (Idle mode Signalling Reduction):
- TIN Values.
- ISR Activation.
Feedback Mechanisms:
- Feedback Types.
Module 9
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Air Interface Mobility
Air Interface Mobility:
- LTE Cell Planning.
LTE Measurements:
- RSRP (Reference Signal Received Power).
- RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator).
- RSRQ (Reference Signal Received Quality).
Mobility Functional Architecture:
- eNB.
- MME.
- Tracking Area.
LTE Idle Mode Mobility:
- LTE Cell Reselection.
- Priority Based Inter-RAT Cell Reselection.
- E-UTRA System Information Messages.
- Reselection to a Higher Priority Frequency or RAT cell.
- Reselection to a Lower Priority Frequency or RAT cell.
- Deleting E-UTRA Priorities.
Mobility in the LTE Active State.
Handover Process:
- X2 Handover Request and Response .
- RRC Connection Reconfiguration.
- Random Access.
- SN Status Transfer and Status Report.
Data Forwarding:
- RLC-AM DRBs.
- RLC-UM DRBs.
- SRB Handling.
S1 Based Handover (Relocation).
Module 10
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X2 Interface Operation
The X2 Interface.
X2 Basic Mobility Procedures:
- X2 Handover Request.
- X2 Handover Request Acknowledge.
- X2 Handover Preparation Failure.
- X2 SN Status Transfer.
- X2 UE Context Release.
- X2 Handover Cancel.
- X2 Load Indication.
- X2 Resource Status Reporting.
Heterogeneous Networks:
- ICIC (Inter-Cell Interference Coordination).
eICIC (Enhanced ICIC):
- CRE (Cell Range Extension).
- ABS (Almost Blank Subframes).
- feICIC.
Cross-Carrier Scheduling.
Module 11
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Relay Nodes
Evolution of Relay Nodes.
RN Terminology.
Uses of Relay Nodes:
- Range Extension.
- Capacity Boost.
- Indoor Coverage.
- Blind Spot Coverage.
Architecture:
- Relay Node Start Up Procedure.
- Relay Node Detach Procedure.
- Example of RN Reconfiguration Message.
Module 12
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SON
Self Organizing Networks.
SON Features.
Automatic Neighbour Relation:
- ANR Procedure.
- Possible ANR Architecture.
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